A new review led by Miller School researchers highlights how digital tools help parents support healthier sleep in their young children. Spearheaded by Azizi Seixas, Ph.D., and Girardin Jean-Louis, Ph.D., the review describes strong parental engagement, meaningful improvements in sleep outcomes and emerging best practices for future innovation.
Sleep problems in young children, from bedtime resistance and frequent night wakings to obstructive sleep apnea, are closely tied to the many facets of a child’s development. Yet pediatric sleep disturbances often persist beyond infancy, impacting school readiness, mood regulation and long‑term health. With the rapid rise of mobile apps, telehealth and online learning tools, digital health has become an increasingly relevant platform for supporting families navigating sleep challenges.
“This study fills an important gap in the pediatric sleep literature by showing how digital tools can capture real‑world sleep behaviors at scale,” said Dr. Seixas, associate professor of psychiatry and behavioral sciences, director of The Media and Innovation Lab and associate director of the Center for Translational Sleep and Circadian Sciences. “From a public-health standpoint, these technologies help us identify population‑level patterns earlier, especially in communities where sleep problems often go unrecognized. Clinically, they give providers objective, continuous data that can guide more personalized and timely interventions, ultimately improving outcomes for children who need support the most.”
A Global Review of Digital Sleep Interventions
Dr. Seixas, who is also interim chair of the Department of Informatics and Health Data Science, and Dr. Jean-Louis, who is a professor of psychiatry and behavioral sciences and neurology, as well as director of the Center for Translational Sleep and Circadian Sciences, worked with a team to conduct an extensive scoping review of scientific literature. They searched multiple databases from their inception through April 2025, screening more than 2,100 articles.
Twenty‑one studies met the final inclusion criteria. Collectively, these studies included thousands of parents, dozens of health professionals and nearly 500 parent‑child dyads participating in digital sleep intervention trials.
The digital tools evaluated included mobile apps, web‑based educational modules, telehealth programs, social media–enhanced parent groups, wearable devices, data dashboards, and robotic or kiosk‑based sleep‑education tools.
Across all of the tools, parental engagement emerged as a consistent strength. Most interventions were designed to help parents implement behavioral strategies at home, rooted in evidence-based approaches such as cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia.
Digital Interventions Can Improve Sleep for Kids
A majority of the digital interventions improved at least one clinical sleep outcome. In many cases, parents experienced benefits as well.
Key improvements for children included:
- Longer total sleep duration (reported in six studies)
- Fewer night wakings
- Shorter sleep-onset latency (time it takes to fall asleep)
- Better sleep efficiency
- Reduced early-morning awakenings
- Improved breathing‑related symptoms
Several studies also noted improvements in parental mental health, including reduced stress and enhanced sleep quality. One mobile app, Dr. Lullaby, significantly decreased the need for parents to remain in the room as children fell asleep.
Telehealth played an especially important role for families of children with autism spectrum disorder. In randomized controlled trials, parents who received remote coaching on behavioral sleep strategies reported significant improvements in their children’s sleep by weeks five and 10, with sustained benefits at a 16‑week follow‑up.
Web‑based educational programs, such as the Mini‑KiSS Online modules and the SKIP asthma sleep intervention, helped parents adopt healthier bedtime routines and reduced nighttime disruptions. These programs earned high marks for usability and acceptability.
Adding social support also made a measurable difference. One study found that an online healthy‑lifestyle program for young children showed no sleep improvement until researchers added a closed Facebook group for parents, which enabled peer support and led to significant gains in child sleep duration.
Areas for Future Sleep Research
Despite the promise of digital sleep tools, the review identified several important gaps:
- About half of the studies were conducted with predominantly white families, even though sleep problems disproportionately affect children from minoritized backgrounds.
- Most research measured only short‑term effects.
- There was limited use of wearable devices as objective sleep measures.
- There was an underrepresentation of children with chronic conditions, despite early evidence that tailored interventions can be highly effective.
“This study fills an important gap in the pediatric sleep literature by showing how digital tools can capture real‑world sleep behaviors at scale.”
Implications for Clinical Care and Future Research
Digital sleep-health tools are increasingly accessible, engaging and aligned with how families use technology every day. The review showed that, when they are thoughtfully designed and grounded in behavioral science, these tools can meaningfully improve sleep for children and their parents.
For clinicians, digital tools may serve as scalable extensions of care, providing education, tracking behaviors and reinforcing nightly routines. For researchers and developers, the next step is ensuring these tools reach the families who need them most, particularly in minoritized communities and low‑resource settings.
Digital pediatric sleep interventions, said the authors, “show promise to educate parents and improve sleep outcomes in their child, extending benefits to the whole family.” With strategic innovations, digital sleep solutions may become a powerful component of pediatric care worldwide.
